/**
* Implements common structures.
* @see {@link https://bitmessage.org/wiki/Protocol_specification#Common_structures}
* @module bitmessage/structs
*/
// TODO(Kagami): Document object-like params.
"use strict";
var objectAssign = Object.assign || require("object-assign");
var bufferEqual = require("buffer-equal");
var assert = require("./_util").assert;
var bmcrypto = require("./crypto");
var POW = require("./pow");
var util = require("./_util");
function isAscii(str) {
for (var i = 0; i < str.length; i++) {
if (str.charCodeAt(i) > 127) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
// Compute the message checksum for the given data.
function getmsgchecksum(data) {
return bmcrypto.sha512(data).slice(0, 4);
}
/**
* Message structure.
* @see {@link https://bitmessage.org/wiki/Protocol_specification#Message_structure}
* @namespace
* @static
*/
var message = exports.message = {
/**
* Bitmessage magic value.
* @constant {number}
*/
MAGIC: 0xE9BEB4D9,
/**
* Decode message structure.
* NOTE: `payload` is copied, `rest` references input buffer.
* @param {Buffer} buf - Buffer that starts with encoded message
* @return {{command: string, payload: Buffer, length: number, rest: Buffer}}
* Decoded message structure.
*/
decode: function(buf) {
assert(buf.length >= 24, "Buffer is too small");
assert(buf.readUInt32BE(0, true) === message.MAGIC, "Wrong magic");
var command = buf.slice(4, 16);
var firstNonNull = 0;
for (var i = 11; i >=0; i--) {
assert(command[i] <= 127, "Non-ASCII characters in command");
if (!firstNonNull && command[i] !== 0) {
firstNonNull = i + 1;
}
}
// NOTE(Kagami): Command can be empty.
// NOTE(Kagami): "ascii" encoding is not necessary here since we
// already validated the command but that should be quite faster
// than default "utf-8" encoding.
command = command.slice(0, firstNonNull).toString("ascii");
var payloadLength = buf.readUInt32BE(16, true);
var length = 24 + payloadLength;
assert(buf.length >= length, "Truncated payload");
var checksum = buf.slice(20, 24);
// NOTE(Kagami): We do copy instead of slice to protect against
// possible source buffer modification by user.
var payload = new Buffer(payloadLength);
buf.copy(payload, 0, 24, length);
assert(bufferEqual(checksum, getmsgchecksum(payload)), "Bad checksum");
var rest = buf.slice(length);
return {command: command, payload: payload, length: length, rest: rest};
},
/**
* Encode message structure.
* @param {string} command - Message command
* @param {Bufer} payload - Message payload
* @return {Buffer} Encoded message structure.
*/
encode: function(command, payload) {
assert(command.length <= 12, "Command is too long");
assert(isAscii(command), "Non-ASCII characters in command");
var buf = new Buffer(24 + payload.length);
buf.fill(0);
buf.writeUInt32BE(message.MAGIC, 0, true);
buf.write(command, 4);
buf.writeUInt32BE(payload.length, 16, true);
getmsgchecksum(payload).copy(buf, 20);
payload.copy(buf, 24);
return buf;
},
};
/**
* An `object` is a message which is shared throughout a stream. It is
* the only message which propagates; all others are only between two
* nodes.
* @see {@link https://bitmessage.org/wiki/Protocol_specification#object}
* @namespace
* @static
*/
var object = exports.object = {
// Known types.
GETPUBKEY: 0,
PUBKEY: 1,
MSG: 2,
BROADCAST: 3,
/**
* Decode `object` message.
* NOTE: `nonce` and `objectPayload` are copied.
* @param {Buffer} buf - Message
* @param {?Object} opts - Decoding options
* @return {Object} Decoded `object` structure.
*/
decode: function(buf, opts) {
var decoded = message.decode(buf);
assert(decoded.command === "object", "Bad command");
return object.decodePayload(decoded.payload, opts);
},
/**
* Decode `object` message payload.
* NOTE: `nonce` and `objectPayload` are copied.
* @param {Buffer} buf - Message payload
* @param {?Object} opts - Decoding options
* @return {Object} Decoded `object` structure.
*/
decodePayload: function(buf, opts) {
opts = opts || {};
// 8 + 8 + 4 + (1+) + (1+)
assert(buf.length >= 22, "object message payload is too small");
assert(buf.length <= 262144, "object message payload is too big");
var nonce = new Buffer(8);
buf.copy(nonce, 0, 0, 8);
// TTL.
var expiresTime = util.readTimestamp64BE(buf.slice(8, 16));
var ttl = expiresTime - util.tnow();
assert(ttl <= 2430000, "expiresTime is too far in the future");
if (!opts.allowExpired) {
assert(ttl >= -3600, "Object expired more than a hour ago");
}
// POW.
if (!opts.skipPow) {
// User may specify trials/payload extra options and we will
// account in here.
var targetOpts = objectAssign({}, opts, {ttl: ttl, payload: buf});
var target = POW.getTarget(targetOpts);
assert(POW.check({target: target, payload: buf}), "Insufficient POW");
}
var type = buf.readUInt32BE(16, true);
var decodedVersion = var_int.decode(buf.slice(20));
var decodedStream = var_int.decode(decodedVersion.rest);
var headerLength = 20 + decodedVersion.length + decodedStream.length;
var objectPayload = new Buffer(decodedStream.rest.length);
decodedStream.rest.copy(objectPayload);
return {
nonce: nonce,
ttl: ttl,
type: type,
version: decodedVersion.value,
stream: decodedStream.value,
headerLength: headerLength,
objectPayload: objectPayload,
};
},
/**
* Encode `object` message.
* @param {Object} opts - Object options
* @return {Buffer} Encoded message.
*/
encode: function(opts) {
var payload = object.encodePayload(opts);
return message.encode("object", payload);
},
/**
* Encode `object` message payload.
* @param {Object} opts - Object options
* @return {Buffer} Encoded payload.
*/
encodePayload: function(opts) {
// NOTE(Kagami): We do not try to calculate nonce here if it is not
// provided because:
// 1) It's async operation but in `structs` module all operations
// are synchronous.
// 2) It shouldn't be useful because almost all objects signatures
// include object header and POW is computed for entire object so at
// first the object header should be assembled and only then we can
// do a POW.
assert(opts.nonce.length === 8, "Bad nonce");
// NOTE(Kagami): This may be a bit inefficient since we allocate
// twice.
return Buffer.concat([
opts.nonce,
object.encodePayloadWithoutNonce(opts),
]);
},
/**
* Encode `object` message payload without leading nonce field (may be
* useful if you are going to calculate it later).
* @param {Object} opts - Object options
* @return {Buffer} Encoded payload.
*/
encodePayloadWithoutNonce: function(opts) {
assert(opts.ttl > 0, "Bad TTL");
assert(opts.ttl <= 2430000, "TTL may not be larger than 28 days + 3 hours");
var expiresTime = util.tnow() + opts.ttl;
var type = new Buffer(4);
type.writeUInt32BE(opts.type, 0);
var stream = opts.stream || 1;
var obj = Buffer.concat([
util.writeUInt64BE(null, expiresTime),
type,
var_int.encode(opts.version),
var_int.encode(stream),
opts.objectPayload,
]);
assert(obj.length <= 262136, "object message payload is too big");
return obj;
},
};
/**
* Variable length integer.
* @see {@link https://bitmessage.org/wiki/Protocol_specification#Variable_length_integer}
* @namespace
* @static
*/
var var_int = exports.var_int = {
/**
* Decode `var_int`.
* NOTE: `rest` references input buffer.
* @param {Buffer} buf - A buffer that starts with encoded `var_int`
* @return {{value: number, length: number, rest: Buffer}}
* Decoded `var_int` structure.
*/
decode: function(buf) {
var value, length;
assert(buf.length > 0, "Empty buffer");
switch (buf[0]) {
case 253:
value = buf.readUInt16BE(1);
assert(value >= 253, "Impractical var_int");
length = 3;
break;
case 254:
value = buf.readUInt32BE(1);
assert(value >= 65536, "Impractical var_int");
length = 5;
break;
case 255:
var hi = buf.readUInt32BE(1);
assert(hi !== 0, "Impractical var_int");
// Max safe number = 2^53 - 1 =
// 0b0000000000011111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
// = 2097151*(2^32) + (2^32 - 1).
// So it's safe until hi <= 2097151. See
// <http://mdn.io/issafeinteger>,
// <https://stackoverflow.com/q/307179> for details.
// TODO(Kagami): We may want to return raw Buffer for
// 2^53 <= value <= 2^64 - 1 range. Probably using the optional
// argument because most of the code expect to get a number when
// calling `var_int.decode`.
assert(hi <= 2097151, "Unsafe integer");
var lo = buf.readUInt32BE(5);
value = hi * 4294967296 + lo;
length = 9;
break;
default:
value = buf[0];
length = 1;
}
var rest = buf.slice(length);
return {value: value, length: length, rest: rest};
},
/**
* Encode number into `var_int`.
* @param {(number|Buffer)} value - Input number
* @return {Buffer} Encoded `var_int`.
*/
encode: function(value) {
var buf, targetStart;
if (typeof value === "number") {
assert(value >= 0, "Value cannot be less than zero");
if (value < 253) {
buf = new Buffer([value]);
} else if (value < 65536) {
buf = new Buffer(3);
buf[0] = 253;
buf.writeUInt16BE(value, 1, true);
} else if (value < 4294967296) {
buf = new Buffer(5);
buf[0] = 254;
buf.writeUInt32BE(value, 1, true);
} else {
assert(value <= 9007199254740991, "Unsafe integer");
buf = new Buffer(9);
buf[0] = 255;
buf.writeUInt32BE(Math.floor(value / 4294967296), 1, true); // high32
buf.writeUInt32BE(value % 4294967296, 5, true); // low32
}
} else if (Buffer.isBuffer(value)) {
assert(value.length <= 8, "Buffer is too big");
buf = new Buffer(9);
buf.fill(0);
buf[0] = 255;
targetStart = 1 + (8 - value.length);
value.copy(buf, targetStart);
} else {
throw new Error("Unknown value type");
}
return buf;
},
};
/**
* Variable length string.
* @see {@link https://bitmessage.org/wiki/Protocol_specification#Variable_length_string}
* @namespace
*/
exports.var_str = {
/**
* Decode `var_str`.
* NOTE: `rest` references input buffer.
* @param {Buffer} buf - A buffer that starts with encoded `var_str`
* @return {{str: string, length: number, rest: Buffer}}
* Decoded `var_str` structure.
*/
decode: function(buf) {
var decoded = var_int.decode(buf);
var strLength = decoded.value;
var length = decoded.length + strLength;
assert(buf.length >= length, "Buffer is too small");
// XXX(Kagami): Spec doesn't mention encoding, using UTF-8.
var str = decoded.rest.slice(0, strLength).toString("utf8");
var rest = decoded.rest.slice(strLength);
return {str: str, length: length, rest: rest};
},
/**
* Encode string into `var_str`.
* @param {string} str - A string
* @return {Buffer} Encoded `var_str`.
*/
encode: function(str) {
// XXX(Kagami): Spec doesn't mention encoding, using UTF-8.
var strBuf = new Buffer(str, "utf8");
return Buffer.concat([var_int.encode(strBuf.length), strBuf]);
},
};
/**
* Variable length list of integers.
* @see {@link https://bitmessage.org/wiki/Protocol_specification#Variable_length_list_of_integers}
* @namespace
*/
exports.var_int_list = {
/**
* Decode `var_int_list`.
* NOTE: `rest` references input buffer.
* @param {Buffer} buf - A buffer that starts with encoded
* `var_int_list`
* @return {{list: number[], length: number, rest: Buffer}}
* Decoded `var_int_list` structure.
*/
decode: function(buf) {
var decoded = var_int.decode(buf);
var listLength = decoded.value;
var list = new Array(listLength);
var rest = decoded.rest;
var sumLength = decoded.length;
for (var i = 0; i < listLength; i++) {
decoded = var_int.decode(rest);
list[i] = decoded.value;
rest = decoded.rest;
sumLength += decoded.length;
}
return {list: list, length: sumLength, rest: rest};
},
/**
* Encode list of numbers into `var_int_list`.
* @param {number[]} list - A number list
* @return {Buffer} Encoded `var_int_list`.
*/
encode: function(list) {
var listBuf = Buffer.concat(list.map(var_int.encode));
return Buffer.concat([var_int.encode(list.length), listBuf]);
},
};
// See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPv6#IPv4-mapped_IPv6_addresses
var IPv4_MAPPING = new Buffer([0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 255, 255]);
// Very simple inet_ntop(3) equivalent.
function inet_ntop(buf) {
assert(buf.length === 16, "Bad buffer size");
// IPv4 mapped to IPv6.
if (bufferEqual(buf.slice(0, 12), IPv4_MAPPING)) {
return Array.prototype.join.call(buf.slice(12), ".");
// IPv6.
} else {
var groups = [];
for (var i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
groups.push(buf.readUInt16BE(i * 2, true).toString(16));
}
return groups.join(":");
}
}
// Very simple inet_pton(3) equivalent.
function inet_pton(str) {
var buf = new Buffer(16);
buf.fill(0);
// IPv4.
if (str.indexOf(":") === -1) {
IPv4_MAPPING.copy(buf);
var octets = str.split(/\./g).map(function(s) {return parseInt(s, 10);});
// Support short form from inet_aton(3) man page.
if (octets.length === 1) {
buf.writeUInt32BE(octets[0], 12);
} else {
// Check against 1000.bad.addr
octets.forEach(function(octet) {
assert(octet >= 0, "Bad IPv4 address");
assert(octet <= 255, "Bad IPv4 address");
});
if (octets.length === 2) {
buf[12] = octets[0];
buf[15] = octets[1];
} else if (octets.length === 3) {
buf[12] = octets[0];
buf[13] = octets[1];
buf[15] = octets[2];
} else if (octets.length === 4) {
buf[12] = octets[0];
buf[13] = octets[1];
buf[14] = octets[2];
buf[15] = octets[3];
} else {
throw new Error("Bad IPv4 address");
}
}
// IPv6.
} else {
var dgroups = str.split(/::/g);
// Check against 1::1::1
assert(dgroups.length <= 2, "Bad IPv6 address");
var groups = [];
var i;
if (dgroups[0]) {
groups.push.apply(groups, dgroups[0].split(/:/g));
}
if (dgroups.length === 2) {
if (dgroups[1]) {
var splitted = dgroups[1].split(/:/g);
var fill = 8 - (groups.length + splitted.length);
// Check against 1:1:1:1::1:1:1:1
assert(fill > 0, "Bad IPv6 address");
for (i = 0; i < fill; i++) {
groups.push(0);
}
groups.push.apply(groups, splitted);
} else {
// Check against 1:1:1:1:1:1:1:1::
assert(groups.length <= 7, "Bad IPv6 address");
}
} else {
// Check against 1:1:1
assert(groups.length === 8, "Bad IPv6 address");
}
for (i = 0; i < Math.min(groups.length, 8); i++) {
buf.writeUInt16BE(parseInt(groups[i], 16), i * 2);
}
}
return buf;
}
/**
* Network address.
* @see {@link https://bitmessage.org/wiki/Protocol_specification#Network_address}
* @namespace
*/
exports.net_addr = {
/**
* Decode `net_addr`.
* @param {Buffer} buf - A buffer that contains encoded `net_addr`
* @param {?Object} opts - Decoding options; use `short` option to
* decode `net_addr` from
* [version message]{@link module:bitmessage/messages.version}
* @return {Object} Decoded `net_addr` structure.
*/
decode: function(buf, opts) {
var short = !!(opts || {}).short;
var res = {};
if (short) {
assert(buf.length === 26, "Bad buffer size");
} else {
assert(buf.length === 38, "Bad buffer size");
var timeHi = buf.readUInt32BE(0, true);
var timeLo = buf.readUInt32BE(4, true);
// JavaScript's Date object can't work with timestamps higher than
// 8640000000000 (~2^43, ~275760 year). Hope JavaScript will
// support 64-bit numbers up to this date.
assert(timeHi <= 2011, "Time is too high");
assert(timeHi !== 2011 || timeLo <= 2820767744, "Time is too high");
res.time = new Date((timeHi * 4294967296 + timeLo) * 1000);
res.stream = buf.readUInt32BE(8, true);
buf = buf.slice(12);
}
res.services = ServicesBitfield(buf.slice(0, 8), {copy: true});
res.host = inet_ntop(buf.slice(8, 24));
res.port = buf.readUInt16BE(24, true);
return res;
},
/**
* Encode `net_addr`.
* @param {Object} opts - Encode options; use `short` option to encode
* `net_addr` for
* [version message]{@link module:bitmessage/messages.version}
* @return {Buffer} Encoded `net_addr`.
*/
encode: function(opts) {
// Be aware of `Buffer.slice` quirk in browserify:
// <http://git.io/lNZF1A> (does not modify parent buffer's memory in
// old browsers). So we use offset instead of `buf = buf.slice`.
var buf, shift;
if (opts.short) {
buf = new Buffer(26);
shift = 0;
} else {
buf = new Buffer(38);
var time = opts.time || new Date();
time = Math.floor(time.getTime() / 1000);
buf.writeUInt32BE(Math.floor(time / 4294967296), 0, true); // high32
buf.writeUInt32BE(time % 4294967296, 4, true); // low32
var stream = opts.stream || 1;
buf.writeUInt32BE(stream, 8);
shift = 12;
}
var services = opts.services ||
ServicesBitfield().set(ServicesBitfield.NODE_NETWORK);
services.buffer.copy(buf, shift);
inet_pton(opts.host).copy(buf, shift + 8);
buf.writeUInt16BE(opts.port, shift + 24);
return buf;
},
};
/**
* Inventory vector.
* @see {@link https://bitmessage.org/wiki/Protocol_specification#Inventory_Vectors}
* @namespace
*/
// Only encode operation is defined because decode is impossible.
exports.inv_vect = {
/**
* Encode inventory vector.
* @param {Buffer} buf - Payload to calculate the inventory vector for
* @return {Buffer} Encoded `inv_vect`.
*/
encode: function(buf) {
return bmcrypto.sha512(bmcrypto.sha512(buf)).slice(0, 32);
},
};
/**
* Encrypted payload.
* @see {@link https://bitmessage.org/wiki/Protocol_specification#Encrypted_payload}
* @namespace encrypted
* @static
*/
/**
* Decode encrypted payload.
* NOTE: all structure members are copied.
* @param {Buffer} buf - A buffer that contains encrypted payload
* @return {Object} Decoded encrypted structure.
* @function decode
* @memberof module:bitmessage/structs.encrypted
*/
/**
* Encode `encrypted`.
* @param {Object} opts - Encode options
* @return {Buffer} Encoded encrypted payload.
* @function encode
* @memberof module:bitmessage/structs.encrypted
*/
// Reexport struct.
exports.encrypted = bmcrypto.encrypted;
// Creates bitfield (MSB 0) class of the specified size.
var Bitfield = function(size) {
var bytesize = size / 8;
// Inspired by <https://github.com/fb55/bitfield>.
function BitfieldInner(buf, opts) {
if (!(this instanceof BitfieldInner)) {
return new BitfieldInner(buf);
}
opts = opts || {};
if (buf) {
assert(buf.length === bytesize, "Bad buffer size");
if (opts.copy) {
var dup = new Buffer(bytesize);
dup.fill(0);
buf.copy(dup);
buf = dup;
}
} else {
buf = new Buffer(bytesize);
buf.fill(0);
}
this.buffer = buf;
}
BitfieldInner.prototype.get = function(bits) {
if (!Array.isArray(bits)) {
bits = [bits];
}
var buf = this.buffer;
return bits.every(function(bit) {
assert(bit >= 0, "Bit number is too low");
assert(bit < size, "Bit number is too high");
var index = Math.floor(bit / 8);
var shift = 7 - (bit % 8);
return (buf[index] & (1 << shift)) !== 0; // jshint ignore:line
});
};
BitfieldInner.prototype.set = function(bits) {
if (!Array.isArray(bits)) {
bits = [bits];
}
var buf = this.buffer;
bits.forEach(function(bit) {
assert(bit >= 0, "Bit number is too low");
assert(bit < size, "Bit number is too high");
var index = Math.floor(bit / 8);
var shift = 7 - (bit % 8);
buf[index] |= 1 << shift; // jshint ignore:line
});
return this;
};
return BitfieldInner;
};
/**
* Services bitfield features.
* @see {@link https://bitmessage.org/wiki/Protocol_specification#version}
* @namespace
* @static
*/
// TODO(Kagami): Document methods.
// NOTE(Kagami): Since pubkey bitfield uses MSB 0, we use it here too.
// See <https://github.com/Bitmessage/PyBitmessage/issues/769> for
// details.
var ServicesBitfield = exports.ServicesBitfield = objectAssign(Bitfield(64), {
/**
* This is a normal network node.
* @memberof module:bitmessage/structs.ServicesBitfield
* @constant {number}
*/
NODE_NETWORK: 63,
});
/**
* Pubkey bitfield features.
* @see {@link https://bitmessage.org/wiki/Protocol_specification#Pubkey_bitfield_features}
* @namespace
*/
// TODO(Kagami): Document methods.
exports.PubkeyBitfield = objectAssign(Bitfield(32), {
/**
* Receiving node expects that the RIPE hash encoded in their address
* preceedes the encrypted message data of msg messages bound for
* them.
* @memberof module:bitmessage/structs.PubkeyBitfield
* @constant {number}
*/
INCLUDE_DESTINATION: 30,
/**
* If true, the receiving node does send acknowledgements (rather than
* dropping them).
* @memberof module:bitmessage/structs.PubkeyBitfield
* @constant {number}
*/
DOES_ACK: 31,
});