PyBitmessage/src/protocol.py

450 lines
17 KiB
Python

# pylint: disable=too-many-boolean-expressions,too-many-return-statements,too-many-locals,too-many-statements
"""
protocol.py
===========
Low-level protocol-related functions.
"""
from __future__ import absolute_import
import base64
import hashlib
import random
import socket
import sys
import time
import traceback
from binascii import hexlify
from struct import pack, unpack, Struct
import defaults
import highlevelcrypto
import state
from addresses import (
encodeVarint, decodeVarint, decodeAddress, varintDecodeError)
from bmconfigparser import BMConfigParser
from debug import logger
from fallback import RIPEMD160Hash
from helper_sql import sqlExecute
from version import softwareVersion
# Service flags
NODE_NETWORK = 1
NODE_SSL = 2
NODE_DANDELION = 8
# Bitfield flags
BITFIELD_DOESACK = 1
# Error types
STATUS_WARNING = 0
STATUS_ERROR = 1
STATUS_FATAL = 2
# Object types
OBJECT_GETPUBKEY = 0
OBJECT_PUBKEY = 1
OBJECT_MSG = 2
OBJECT_BROADCAST = 3
OBJECT_I2P = 0x493250
OBJECT_ADDR = 0x61646472
eightBytesOfRandomDataUsedToDetectConnectionsToSelf = pack(
'>Q', random.randrange(1, 18446744073709551615))
# Compiled struct for packing/unpacking headers
# New code should use CreatePacket instead of Header.pack
Header = Struct('!L12sL4s')
VersionPacket = Struct('>LqQ20s4s36sH')
# Bitfield
def getBitfield(address):
"""Get a bitfield from an address"""
# bitfield of features supported by me (see the wiki).
bitfield = 0
# send ack
if not BMConfigParser().safeGetBoolean(address, 'dontsendack'):
bitfield |= BITFIELD_DOESACK
return pack('>I', bitfield)
def checkBitfield(bitfieldBinary, flags):
"""Check if a bitfield matches the given flags"""
bitfield, = unpack('>I', bitfieldBinary)
return (bitfield & flags) == flags
def isBitSetWithinBitfield(fourByteString, n):
"""Check if a particular bit is set in a bitfeld"""
# Uses MSB 0 bit numbering across 4 bytes of data
n = 31 - n
x, = unpack('>L', fourByteString)
return x & 2**n != 0
# ip addresses
def encodeHost(host):
"""Encode a given host to be used in low-level socket operations"""
if host.find('.onion') > -1:
return '\xfd\x87\xd8\x7e\xeb\x43' + base64.b32decode(host.split(".")[0], True)
elif host.find(':') == -1:
return '\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\xFF\xFF' + \
socket.inet_aton(host)
return socket.inet_pton(socket.AF_INET6, host)
def networkType(host):
"""Determine if a host is IPv4, IPv6 or an onion address"""
if host.find('.onion') > -1:
return 'onion'
elif host.find(':') == -1:
return 'IPv4'
return 'IPv6'
def checkIPAddress(host, private=False):
"""Returns hostStandardFormat if it is a valid IP address, otherwise returns False"""
if host[0:12] == '\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\xFF\xFF':
hostStandardFormat = socket.inet_ntop(socket.AF_INET, host[12:])
return checkIPv4Address(host[12:], hostStandardFormat, private)
elif host[0:6] == '\xfd\x87\xd8\x7e\xeb\x43':
# Onion, based on BMD/bitcoind
hostStandardFormat = base64.b32encode(host[6:]).lower() + ".onion"
if private:
return False
return hostStandardFormat
else:
try:
hostStandardFormat = socket.inet_ntop(socket.AF_INET6, host)
except ValueError:
return False
if hostStandardFormat == "":
# This can happen on Windows systems which are not 64-bit compatible
# so let us drop the IPv6 address.
return False
return checkIPv6Address(host, hostStandardFormat, private)
def checkIPv4Address(host, hostStandardFormat, private=False):
"""Returns hostStandardFormat if it is an IPv4 address, otherwise returns False"""
if host[0] == '\x7F': # 127/8
if not private:
logger.debug('Ignoring IP address in loopback range: %s', hostStandardFormat)
return hostStandardFormat if private else False
if host[0] == '\x0A': # 10/8
if not private:
logger.debug('Ignoring IP address in private range: %s', hostStandardFormat)
return hostStandardFormat if private else False
if host[0:2] == '\xC0\xA8': # 192.168/16
if not private:
logger.debug('Ignoring IP address in private range: %s', hostStandardFormat)
return hostStandardFormat if private else False
if host[0:2] >= '\xAC\x10' and host[0:2] < '\xAC\x20': # 172.16/12
if not private:
logger.debug('Ignoring IP address in private range: %s', hostStandardFormat)
return hostStandardFormat if private else False
return False if private else hostStandardFormat
def checkIPv6Address(host, hostStandardFormat, private=False):
"""Returns hostStandardFormat if it is an IPv6 address, otherwise returns False"""
if host == ('\x00' * 15) + '\x01':
if not private:
logger.debug('Ignoring loopback address: %s', hostStandardFormat)
return False
if host[0] == '\xFE' and (ord(host[1]) & 0xc0) == 0x80:
if not private:
logger.debug('Ignoring local address: %s', hostStandardFormat)
return hostStandardFormat if private else False
if (ord(host[0]) & 0xfe) == 0xfc:
if not private:
logger.debug('Ignoring unique local address: %s', hostStandardFormat)
return hostStandardFormat if private else False
return False if private else hostStandardFormat
def haveSSL(server=False):
"""
Predicate to check if ECDSA server support is required and available
python < 2.7.9's ssl library does not support ECDSA server due to
missing initialisation of available curves, but client works ok
"""
if not server:
return True
elif sys.version_info >= (2, 7, 9):
return True
return False
def checkSocksIP(host):
"""Predicate to check if we're using a SOCKS proxy"""
try:
if state.socksIP is None or not state.socksIP:
state.socksIP = socket.gethostbyname(BMConfigParser().get("bitmessagesettings", "sockshostname"))
# uninitialised
except NameError:
state.socksIP = socket.gethostbyname(BMConfigParser().get("bitmessagesettings", "sockshostname"))
# resolving failure
except socket.gaierror:
state.socksIP = BMConfigParser().get("bitmessagesettings", "sockshostname")
return state.socksIP == host
def isProofOfWorkSufficient(data,
nonceTrialsPerByte=0,
payloadLengthExtraBytes=0,
recvTime=0):
"""
Validate an object's Proof of Work using method described in:
https://bitmessage.org/wiki/Proof_of_work
Arguments:
int nonceTrialsPerByte (default: from default.py)
int payloadLengthExtraBytes (default: from default.py)
float recvTime (optional) UNIX epoch time when object was
received from the network (default: current system time)
Returns:
True if PoW valid and sufficient, False in all other cases
"""
if nonceTrialsPerByte < defaults.networkDefaultProofOfWorkNonceTrialsPerByte:
nonceTrialsPerByte = defaults.networkDefaultProofOfWorkNonceTrialsPerByte
if payloadLengthExtraBytes < defaults.networkDefaultPayloadLengthExtraBytes:
payloadLengthExtraBytes = defaults.networkDefaultPayloadLengthExtraBytes
endOfLifeTime, = unpack('>Q', data[8:16])
TTL = endOfLifeTime - (int(recvTime) if recvTime else int(time.time()))
if TTL < 300:
TTL = 300
POW, = unpack('>Q', hashlib.sha512(hashlib.sha512(data[
:8] + hashlib.sha512(data[8:]).digest()).digest()).digest()[0:8])
return POW <= 2 ** 64 / (nonceTrialsPerByte *
(len(data) + payloadLengthExtraBytes +
((TTL * (len(data) + payloadLengthExtraBytes)) / (2 ** 16))))
# Packet creation
def CreatePacket(command, payload=''):
"""Construct and return a number of bytes from a payload"""
payload_length = len(payload)
checksum = hashlib.sha512(payload).digest()[0:4]
b = bytearray(Header.size + payload_length)
Header.pack_into(b, 0, 0xE9BEB4D9, command, payload_length, checksum)
b[Header.size:] = payload
return bytes(b)
def assembleVersionMessage(remoteHost, remotePort, participatingStreams, server=False, nodeid=None):
"""Construct the payload of a version message, return the resultng bytes of running CreatePacket() on it"""
payload = ''
payload += pack('>L', 3) # protocol version.
# bitflags of the services I offer.
payload += pack(
'>q',
NODE_NETWORK |
(NODE_SSL if haveSSL(server) else 0) |
(NODE_DANDELION if state.dandelion else 0)
)
payload += pack('>q', int(time.time()))
payload += pack(
'>q', 1) # boolservices of remote connection; ignored by the remote host.
if checkSocksIP(remoteHost) and server: # prevent leaking of tor outbound IP
payload += encodeHost('127.0.0.1')
payload += pack('>H', 8444)
else:
payload += encodeHost(remoteHost)
payload += pack('>H', remotePort) # remote IPv6 and port
# bitflags of the services I offer.
payload += pack(
'>q',
NODE_NETWORK |
(NODE_SSL if haveSSL(server) else 0) |
(NODE_DANDELION if state.dandelion else 0)
)
# = 127.0.0.1. This will be ignored by the remote host. The actual remote connected IP will be used.
payload += '\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\xFF\xFF' + pack('>L', 2130706433)
# we have a separate extPort and incoming over clearnet or outgoing through clearnet
if BMConfigParser().safeGetBoolean('bitmessagesettings', 'upnp') and state.extPort \
and ((server and not checkSocksIP(remoteHost)) or
(BMConfigParser().get("bitmessagesettings", "socksproxytype") == "none" and not server)):
payload += pack('>H', state.extPort)
elif checkSocksIP(remoteHost) and server: # incoming connection over Tor
payload += pack('>H', BMConfigParser().getint('bitmessagesettings', 'onionport'))
else: # no extPort and not incoming over Tor
payload += pack('>H', BMConfigParser().getint('bitmessagesettings', 'port'))
random.seed()
if nodeid is not None:
payload += nodeid[0:8]
else:
payload += eightBytesOfRandomDataUsedToDetectConnectionsToSelf
userAgent = '/PyBitmessage:' + softwareVersion + '/'
payload += encodeVarint(len(userAgent))
payload += userAgent
# Streams
payload += encodeVarint(len(participatingStreams))
count = 0
for stream in sorted(participatingStreams):
payload += encodeVarint(stream)
count += 1
# protocol limit, see specification
if count >= 160000:
break
return CreatePacket('version', payload)
def assembleErrorMessage(fatal=0, banTime=0, inventoryVector='', errorText=''):
"""Construct the payload of an error message, return the resultng bytes of running CreatePacket() on it"""
payload = encodeVarint(fatal)
payload += encodeVarint(banTime)
payload += encodeVarint(len(inventoryVector))
payload += inventoryVector
payload += encodeVarint(len(errorText))
payload += errorText
return CreatePacket('error', payload)
# Packet decoding
def decryptAndCheckPubkeyPayload(data, address):
"""
Version 4 pubkeys are encrypted. This function is run when we
already have the address to which we want to try to send a message.
The 'data' may come either off of the wire or we might have had it
already in our inventory when we tried to send a msg to this
particular address.
"""
try:
addressVersion, streamNumber, ripe = decodeAddress(address)[1:]
readPosition = 20 # bypass the nonce, time, and object type
embeddedAddressVersion, varintLength = decodeVarint(
data[readPosition:readPosition + 10])
readPosition += varintLength
embeddedStreamNumber, varintLength = decodeVarint(
data[readPosition:readPosition + 10])
readPosition += varintLength
# We'll store the address version and stream number
# (and some more) in the pubkeys table.
storedData = data[20:readPosition]
if addressVersion != embeddedAddressVersion:
logger.info(
'Pubkey decryption was UNsuccessful'
' due to address version mismatch.')
return 'failed'
if streamNumber != embeddedStreamNumber:
logger.info(
'Pubkey decryption was UNsuccessful'
' due to stream number mismatch.')
return 'failed'
tag = data[readPosition:readPosition + 32]
readPosition += 32
# the time through the tag. More data is appended onto
# signedData below after the decryption.
signedData = data[8:readPosition]
encryptedData = data[readPosition:]
# Let us try to decrypt the pubkey
toAddress, cryptorObject = state.neededPubkeys[tag]
if toAddress != address:
logger.critical(
'decryptAndCheckPubkeyPayload failed due to toAddress'
' mismatch. This is very peculiar.'
' toAddress: %s, address %s',
toAddress, address
)
# the only way I can think that this could happen
# is if someone encodes their address data two different ways.
# That sort of address-malleability should have been caught
# by the UI or API and an error given to the user.
return 'failed'
try:
decryptedData = cryptorObject.decrypt(encryptedData)
except:
# Someone must have encrypted some data with a different key
# but tagged it with a tag for which we are watching.
logger.info('Pubkey decryption was unsuccessful.')
return 'failed'
readPosition = 0
# bitfieldBehaviors = decryptedData[readPosition:readPosition + 4]
readPosition += 4
publicSigningKey = '\x04' + decryptedData[readPosition:readPosition + 64]
readPosition += 64
publicEncryptionKey = '\x04' + decryptedData[readPosition:readPosition + 64]
readPosition += 64
specifiedNonceTrialsPerByteLength = decodeVarint(
decryptedData[readPosition:readPosition + 10])[1]
readPosition += specifiedNonceTrialsPerByteLength
specifiedPayloadLengthExtraBytesLength = decodeVarint(
decryptedData[readPosition:readPosition + 10])[1]
readPosition += specifiedPayloadLengthExtraBytesLength
storedData += decryptedData[:readPosition]
signedData += decryptedData[:readPosition]
signatureLength, signatureLengthLength = decodeVarint(
decryptedData[readPosition:readPosition + 10])
readPosition += signatureLengthLength
signature = decryptedData[readPosition:readPosition + signatureLength]
if not highlevelcrypto.verify(
signedData, signature, hexlify(publicSigningKey)):
logger.info(
'ECDSA verify failed (within decryptAndCheckPubkeyPayload)')
return 'failed'
logger.info(
'ECDSA verify passed (within decryptAndCheckPubkeyPayload)')
sha = hashlib.new('sha512')
sha.update(publicSigningKey + publicEncryptionKey)
embeddedRipe = RIPEMD160Hash(sha.digest()).digest()
if embeddedRipe != ripe:
# Although this pubkey object had the tag were were looking for
# and was encrypted with the correct encryption key,
# it doesn't contain the correct pubkeys. Someone is
# either being malicious or using buggy software.
logger.info(
'Pubkey decryption was UNsuccessful due to RIPE mismatch.')
return 'failed'
# Everything checked out. Insert it into the pubkeys table.
logger.info(
'within decryptAndCheckPubkeyPayload, '
'addressVersion: %s, streamNumber: %s\nripe %s\n'
'publicSigningKey in hex: %s\npublicEncryptionKey in hex: %s',
addressVersion, streamNumber, hexlify(ripe),
hexlify(publicSigningKey), hexlify(publicEncryptionKey)
)
t = (address, addressVersion, storedData, int(time.time()), 'yes')
sqlExecute('''INSERT INTO pubkeys VALUES (?,?,?,?,?)''', *t)
return 'successful'
except varintDecodeError:
logger.info(
'Pubkey decryption was UNsuccessful due to a malformed varint.')
return 'failed'
except Exception:
logger.critical(
'Pubkey decryption was UNsuccessful because of'
' an unhandled exception! This is definitely a bug! \n%s',
traceback.format_exc()
)
return 'failed'