import { EMPTY_OBJ, isArray, isMap, isIntegerKey, isSymbol, extend, hasOwn, isObject, hasChanged, makeMap, capitalize, toRawType, def, isFunction, NOOP } from '@vue/shared'; const targetMap = new WeakMap(); const effectStack = []; let activeEffect; const ITERATE_KEY = Symbol((process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') ? 'iterate' : ''); const MAP_KEY_ITERATE_KEY = Symbol((process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') ? 'Map key iterate' : ''); function isEffect(fn) { return fn && fn._isEffect === true; } function effect(fn, options = EMPTY_OBJ) { if (isEffect(fn)) { fn = fn.raw; } const effect = createReactiveEffect(fn, options); if (!options.lazy) { effect(); } return effect; } function stop(effect) { if (effect.active) { cleanup(effect); if (effect.options.onStop) { effect.options.onStop(); } effect.active = false; } } let uid = 0; function createReactiveEffect(fn, options) { const effect = function reactiveEffect() { if (!effect.active) { return fn(); } if (!effectStack.includes(effect)) { cleanup(effect); try { enableTracking(); effectStack.push(effect); activeEffect = effect; return fn(); } finally { effectStack.pop(); resetTracking(); activeEffect = effectStack[effectStack.length - 1]; } } }; effect.id = uid++; effect.allowRecurse = !!options.allowRecurse; effect._isEffect = true; effect.active = true; effect.raw = fn; effect.deps = []; effect.options = options; return effect; } function cleanup(effect) { const { deps } = effect; if (deps.length) { for (let i = 0; i < deps.length; i++) { deps[i].delete(effect); } deps.length = 0; } } let shouldTrack = true; const trackStack = []; function pauseTracking() { trackStack.push(shouldTrack); shouldTrack = false; } function enableTracking() { trackStack.push(shouldTrack); shouldTrack = true; } function resetTracking() { const last = trackStack.pop(); shouldTrack = last === undefined ? true : last; } function track(target, type, key) { if (!shouldTrack || activeEffect === undefined) { return; } let depsMap = targetMap.get(target); if (!depsMap) { targetMap.set(target, (depsMap = new Map())); } let dep = depsMap.get(key); if (!dep) { depsMap.set(key, (dep = new Set())); } if (!dep.has(activeEffect)) { dep.add(activeEffect); activeEffect.deps.push(dep); if ((process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') && activeEffect.options.onTrack) { activeEffect.options.onTrack({ effect: activeEffect, target, type, key }); } } } function trigger(target, type, key, newValue, oldValue, oldTarget) { const depsMap = targetMap.get(target); if (!depsMap) { // never been tracked return; } const effects = new Set(); const add = (effectsToAdd) => { if (effectsToAdd) { effectsToAdd.forEach(effect => { if (effect !== activeEffect || effect.allowRecurse) { effects.add(effect); } }); } }; if (type === "clear" /* CLEAR */) { // collection being cleared // trigger all effects for target depsMap.forEach(add); } else if (key === 'length' && isArray(target)) { depsMap.forEach((dep, key) => { if (key === 'length' || key >= newValue) { add(dep); } }); } else { // schedule runs for SET | ADD | DELETE if (key !== void 0) { add(depsMap.get(key)); } // also run for iteration key on ADD | DELETE | Map.SET switch (type) { case "add" /* ADD */: if (!isArray(target)) { add(depsMap.get(ITERATE_KEY)); if (isMap(target)) { add(depsMap.get(MAP_KEY_ITERATE_KEY)); } } else if (isIntegerKey(key)) { // new index added to array -> length changes add(depsMap.get('length')); } break; case "delete" /* DELETE */: if (!isArray(target)) { add(depsMap.get(ITERATE_KEY)); if (isMap(target)) { add(depsMap.get(MAP_KEY_ITERATE_KEY)); } } break; case "set" /* SET */: if (isMap(target)) { add(depsMap.get(ITERATE_KEY)); } break; } } const run = (effect) => { if ((process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') && effect.options.onTrigger) { effect.options.onTrigger({ effect, target, key, type, newValue, oldValue, oldTarget }); } if (effect.options.scheduler) { effect.options.scheduler(effect); } else { effect(); } }; effects.forEach(run); } const isNonTrackableKeys = /*#__PURE__*/ makeMap(`__proto__,__v_isRef,__isVue`); const builtInSymbols = new Set(Object.getOwnPropertyNames(Symbol) .map(key => Symbol[key]) .filter(isSymbol)); const get = /*#__PURE__*/ createGetter(); const shallowGet = /*#__PURE__*/ createGetter(false, true); const readonlyGet = /*#__PURE__*/ createGetter(true); const shallowReadonlyGet = /*#__PURE__*/ createGetter(true, true); const arrayInstrumentations = /*#__PURE__*/ createArrayInstrumentations(); function createArrayInstrumentations() { const instrumentations = {}; ['includes', 'indexOf', 'lastIndexOf'].forEach(key => { instrumentations[key] = function (...args) { const arr = toRaw(this); for (let i = 0, l = this.length; i < l; i++) { track(arr, "get" /* GET */, i + ''); } // we run the method using the original args first (which may be reactive) const res = arr[key](...args); if (res === -1 || res === false) { // if that didn't work, run it again using raw values. return arr[key](...args.map(toRaw)); } else { return res; } }; }); ['push', 'pop', 'shift', 'unshift', 'splice'].forEach(key => { instrumentations[key] = function (...args) { pauseTracking(); const res = toRaw(this)[key].apply(this, args); resetTracking(); return res; }; }); return instrumentations; } function createGetter(isReadonly = false, shallow = false) { return function get(target, key, receiver) { if (key === "__v_isReactive" /* IS_REACTIVE */) { return !isReadonly; } else if (key === "__v_isReadonly" /* IS_READONLY */) { return isReadonly; } else if (key === "__v_raw" /* RAW */ && receiver === (isReadonly ? shallow ? shallowReadonlyMap : readonlyMap : shallow ? shallowReactiveMap : reactiveMap).get(target)) { return target; } const targetIsArray = isArray(target); if (!isReadonly && targetIsArray && hasOwn(arrayInstrumentations, key)) { return Reflect.get(arrayInstrumentations, key, receiver); } const res = Reflect.get(target, key, receiver); if (isSymbol(key) ? builtInSymbols.has(key) : isNonTrackableKeys(key)) { return res; } if (!isReadonly) { track(target, "get" /* GET */, key); } if (shallow) { return res; } if (isRef(res)) { // ref unwrapping - does not apply for Array + integer key. const shouldUnwrap = !targetIsArray || !isIntegerKey(key); return shouldUnwrap ? res.value : res; } if (isObject(res)) { // Convert returned value into a proxy as well. we do the isObject check // here to avoid invalid value warning. Also need to lazy access readonly // and reactive here to avoid circular dependency. return isReadonly ? readonly(res) : reactive(res); } return res; }; } const set = /*#__PURE__*/ createSetter(); const shallowSet = /*#__PURE__*/ createSetter(true); function createSetter(shallow = false) { return function set(target, key, value, receiver) { let oldValue = target[key]; if (!shallow) { value = toRaw(value); oldValue = toRaw(oldValue); if (!isArray(target) && isRef(oldValue) && !isRef(value)) { oldValue.value = value; return true; } } const hadKey = isArray(target) && isIntegerKey(key) ? Number(key) < target.length : hasOwn(target, key); const result = Reflect.set(target, key, value, receiver); // don't trigger if target is something up in the prototype chain of original if (target === toRaw(receiver)) { if (!hadKey) { trigger(target, "add" /* ADD */, key, value); } else if (hasChanged(value, oldValue)) { trigger(target, "set" /* SET */, key, value, oldValue); } } return result; }; } function deleteProperty(target, key) { const hadKey = hasOwn(target, key); const oldValue = target[key]; const result = Reflect.deleteProperty(target, key); if (result && hadKey) { trigger(target, "delete" /* DELETE */, key, undefined, oldValue); } return result; } function has(target, key) { const result = Reflect.has(target, key); if (!isSymbol(key) || !builtInSymbols.has(key)) { track(target, "has" /* HAS */, key); } return result; } function ownKeys(target) { track(target, "iterate" /* ITERATE */, isArray(target) ? 'length' : ITERATE_KEY); return Reflect.ownKeys(target); } const mutableHandlers = { get, set, deleteProperty, has, ownKeys }; const readonlyHandlers = { get: readonlyGet, set(target, key) { if ((process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production')) { console.warn(`Set operation on key "${String(key)}" failed: target is readonly.`, target); } return true; }, deleteProperty(target, key) { if ((process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production')) { console.warn(`Delete operation on key "${String(key)}" failed: target is readonly.`, target); } return true; } }; const shallowReactiveHandlers = /*#__PURE__*/ extend({}, mutableHandlers, { get: shallowGet, set: shallowSet }); // Props handlers are special in the sense that it should not unwrap top-level // refs (in order to allow refs to be explicitly passed down), but should // retain the reactivity of the normal readonly object. const shallowReadonlyHandlers = /*#__PURE__*/ extend({}, readonlyHandlers, { get: shallowReadonlyGet }); const toReactive = (value) => isObject(value) ? reactive(value) : value; const toReadonly = (value) => isObject(value) ? readonly(value) : value; const toShallow = (value) => value; const getProto = (v) => Reflect.getPrototypeOf(v); function get$1(target, key, isReadonly = false, isShallow = false) { // #1772: readonly(reactive(Map)) should return readonly + reactive version // of the value target = target["__v_raw" /* RAW */]; const rawTarget = toRaw(target); const rawKey = toRaw(key); if (key !== rawKey) { !isReadonly && track(rawTarget, "get" /* GET */, key); } !isReadonly && track(rawTarget, "get" /* GET */, rawKey); const { has } = getProto(rawTarget); const wrap = isShallow ? toShallow : isReadonly ? toReadonly : toReactive; if (has.call(rawTarget, key)) { return wrap(target.get(key)); } else if (has.call(rawTarget, rawKey)) { return wrap(target.get(rawKey)); } else if (target !== rawTarget) { // #3602 readonly(reactive(Map)) // ensure that the nested reactive `Map` can do tracking for itself target.get(key); } } function has$1(key, isReadonly = false) { const target = this["__v_raw" /* RAW */]; const rawTarget = toRaw(target); const rawKey = toRaw(key); if (key !== rawKey) { !isReadonly && track(rawTarget, "has" /* HAS */, key); } !isReadonly && track(rawTarget, "has" /* HAS */, rawKey); return key === rawKey ? target.has(key) : target.has(key) || target.has(rawKey); } function size(target, isReadonly = false) { target = target["__v_raw" /* RAW */]; !isReadonly && track(toRaw(target), "iterate" /* ITERATE */, ITERATE_KEY); return Reflect.get(target, 'size', target); } function add(value) { value = toRaw(value); const target = toRaw(this); const proto = getProto(target); const hadKey = proto.has.call(target, value); if (!hadKey) { target.add(value); trigger(target, "add" /* ADD */, value, value); } return this; } function set$1(key, value) { value = toRaw(value); const target = toRaw(this); const { has, get } = getProto(target); let hadKey = has.call(target, key); if (!hadKey) { key = toRaw(key); hadKey = has.call(target, key); } else if ((process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production')) { checkIdentityKeys(target, has, key); } const oldValue = get.call(target, key); target.set(key, value); if (!hadKey) { trigger(target, "add" /* ADD */, key, value); } else if (hasChanged(value, oldValue)) { trigger(target, "set" /* SET */, key, value, oldValue); } return this; } function deleteEntry(key) { const target = toRaw(this); const { has, get } = getProto(target); let hadKey = has.call(target, key); if (!hadKey) { key = toRaw(key); hadKey = has.call(target, key); } else if ((process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production')) { checkIdentityKeys(target, has, key); } const oldValue = get ? get.call(target, key) : undefined; // forward the operation before queueing reactions const result = target.delete(key); if (hadKey) { trigger(target, "delete" /* DELETE */, key, undefined, oldValue); } return result; } function clear() { const target = toRaw(this); const hadItems = target.size !== 0; const oldTarget = (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') ? isMap(target) ? new Map(target) : new Set(target) : undefined; // forward the operation before queueing reactions const result = target.clear(); if (hadItems) { trigger(target, "clear" /* CLEAR */, undefined, undefined, oldTarget); } return result; } function createForEach(isReadonly, isShallow) { return function forEach(callback, thisArg) { const observed = this; const target = observed["__v_raw" /* RAW */]; const rawTarget = toRaw(target); const wrap = isShallow ? toShallow : isReadonly ? toReadonly : toReactive; !isReadonly && track(rawTarget, "iterate" /* ITERATE */, ITERATE_KEY); return target.forEach((value, key) => { // important: make sure the callback is // 1. invoked with the reactive map as `this` and 3rd arg // 2. the value received should be a corresponding reactive/readonly. return callback.call(thisArg, wrap(value), wrap(key), observed); }); }; } function createIterableMethod(method, isReadonly, isShallow) { return function (...args) { const target = this["__v_raw" /* RAW */]; const rawTarget = toRaw(target); const targetIsMap = isMap(rawTarget); const isPair = method === 'entries' || (method === Symbol.iterator && targetIsMap); const isKeyOnly = method === 'keys' && targetIsMap; const innerIterator = target[method](...args); const wrap = isShallow ? toShallow : isReadonly ? toReadonly : toReactive; !isReadonly && track(rawTarget, "iterate" /* ITERATE */, isKeyOnly ? MAP_KEY_ITERATE_KEY : ITERATE_KEY); // return a wrapped iterator which returns observed versions of the // values emitted from the real iterator return { // iterator protocol next() { const { value, done } = innerIterator.next(); return done ? { value, done } : { value: isPair ? [wrap(value[0]), wrap(value[1])] : wrap(value), done }; }, // iterable protocol [Symbol.iterator]() { return this; } }; }; } function createReadonlyMethod(type) { return function (...args) { if ((process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production')) { const key = args[0] ? `on key "${args[0]}" ` : ``; console.warn(`${capitalize(type)} operation ${key}failed: target is readonly.`, toRaw(this)); } return type === "delete" /* DELETE */ ? false : this; }; } function createInstrumentations() { const mutableInstrumentations = { get(key) { return get$1(this, key); }, get size() { return size(this); }, has: has$1, add, set: set$1, delete: deleteEntry, clear, forEach: createForEach(false, false) }; const shallowInstrumentations = { get(key) { return get$1(this, key, false, true); }, get size() { return size(this); }, has: has$1, add, set: set$1, delete: deleteEntry, clear, forEach: createForEach(false, true) }; const readonlyInstrumentations = { get(key) { return get$1(this, key, true); }, get size() { return size(this, true); }, has(key) { return has$1.call(this, key, true); }, add: createReadonlyMethod("add" /* ADD */), set: createReadonlyMethod("set" /* SET */), delete: createReadonlyMethod("delete" /* DELETE */), clear: createReadonlyMethod("clear" /* CLEAR */), forEach: createForEach(true, false) }; const shallowReadonlyInstrumentations = { get(key) { return get$1(this, key, true, true); }, get size() { return size(this, true); }, has(key) { return has$1.call(this, key, true); }, add: createReadonlyMethod("add" /* ADD */), set: createReadonlyMethod("set" /* SET */), delete: createReadonlyMethod("delete" /* DELETE */), clear: createReadonlyMethod("clear" /* CLEAR */), forEach: createForEach(true, true) }; const iteratorMethods = ['keys', 'values', 'entries', Symbol.iterator]; iteratorMethods.forEach(method => { mutableInstrumentations[method] = createIterableMethod(method, false, false); readonlyInstrumentations[method] = createIterableMethod(method, true, false); shallowInstrumentations[method] = createIterableMethod(method, false, true); shallowReadonlyInstrumentations[method] = createIterableMethod(method, true, true); }); return [ mutableInstrumentations, readonlyInstrumentations, shallowInstrumentations, shallowReadonlyInstrumentations ]; } const [mutableInstrumentations, readonlyInstrumentations, shallowInstrumentations, shallowReadonlyInstrumentations] = /* #__PURE__*/ createInstrumentations(); function createInstrumentationGetter(isReadonly, shallow) { const instrumentations = shallow ? isReadonly ? shallowReadonlyInstrumentations : shallowInstrumentations : isReadonly ? readonlyInstrumentations : mutableInstrumentations; return (target, key, receiver) => { if (key === "__v_isReactive" /* IS_REACTIVE */) { return !isReadonly; } else if (key === "__v_isReadonly" /* IS_READONLY */) { return isReadonly; } else if (key === "__v_raw" /* RAW */) { return target; } return Reflect.get(hasOwn(instrumentations, key) && key in target ? instrumentations : target, key, receiver); }; } const mutableCollectionHandlers = { get: /*#__PURE__*/ createInstrumentationGetter(false, false) }; const shallowCollectionHandlers = { get: /*#__PURE__*/ createInstrumentationGetter(false, true) }; const readonlyCollectionHandlers = { get: /*#__PURE__*/ createInstrumentationGetter(true, false) }; const shallowReadonlyCollectionHandlers = { get: /*#__PURE__*/ createInstrumentationGetter(true, true) }; function checkIdentityKeys(target, has, key) { const rawKey = toRaw(key); if (rawKey !== key && has.call(target, rawKey)) { const type = toRawType(target); console.warn(`Reactive ${type} contains both the raw and reactive ` + `versions of the same object${type === `Map` ? ` as keys` : ``}, ` + `which can lead to inconsistencies. ` + `Avoid differentiating between the raw and reactive versions ` + `of an object and only use the reactive version if possible.`); } } const reactiveMap = new WeakMap(); const shallowReactiveMap = new WeakMap(); const readonlyMap = new WeakMap(); const shallowReadonlyMap = new WeakMap(); function targetTypeMap(rawType) { switch (rawType) { case 'Object': case 'Array': return 1 /* COMMON */; case 'Map': case 'Set': case 'WeakMap': case 'WeakSet': return 2 /* COLLECTION */; default: return 0 /* INVALID */; } } function getTargetType(value) { return value["__v_skip" /* SKIP */] || !Object.isExtensible(value) ? 0 /* INVALID */ : targetTypeMap(toRawType(value)); } function reactive(target) { // if trying to observe a readonly proxy, return the readonly version. if (target && target["__v_isReadonly" /* IS_READONLY */]) { return target; } return createReactiveObject(target, false, mutableHandlers, mutableCollectionHandlers, reactiveMap); } /** * Return a shallowly-reactive copy of the original object, where only the root * level properties are reactive. It also does not auto-unwrap refs (even at the * root level). */ function shallowReactive(target) { return createReactiveObject(target, false, shallowReactiveHandlers, shallowCollectionHandlers, shallowReactiveMap); } /** * Creates a readonly copy of the original object. Note the returned copy is not * made reactive, but `readonly` can be called on an already reactive object. */ function readonly(target) { return createReactiveObject(target, true, readonlyHandlers, readonlyCollectionHandlers, readonlyMap); } /** * Returns a reactive-copy of the original object, where only the root level * properties are readonly, and does NOT unwrap refs nor recursively convert * returned properties. * This is used for creating the props proxy object for stateful components. */ function shallowReadonly(target) { return createReactiveObject(target, true, shallowReadonlyHandlers, shallowReadonlyCollectionHandlers, shallowReadonlyMap); } function createReactiveObject(target, isReadonly, baseHandlers, collectionHandlers, proxyMap) { if (!isObject(target)) { if ((process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production')) { console.warn(`value cannot be made reactive: ${String(target)}`); } return target; } // target is already a Proxy, return it. // exception: calling readonly() on a reactive object if (target["__v_raw" /* RAW */] && !(isReadonly && target["__v_isReactive" /* IS_REACTIVE */])) { return target; } // target already has corresponding Proxy const existingProxy = proxyMap.get(target); if (existingProxy) { return existingProxy; } // only a whitelist of value types can be observed. const targetType = getTargetType(target); if (targetType === 0 /* INVALID */) { return target; } const proxy = new Proxy(target, targetType === 2 /* COLLECTION */ ? collectionHandlers : baseHandlers); proxyMap.set(target, proxy); return proxy; } function isReactive(value) { if (isReadonly(value)) { return isReactive(value["__v_raw" /* RAW */]); } return !!(value && value["__v_isReactive" /* IS_REACTIVE */]); } function isReadonly(value) { return !!(value && value["__v_isReadonly" /* IS_READONLY */]); } function isProxy(value) { return isReactive(value) || isReadonly(value); } function toRaw(observed) { return ((observed && toRaw(observed["__v_raw" /* RAW */])) || observed); } function markRaw(value) { def(value, "__v_skip" /* SKIP */, true); return value; } const convert = (val) => isObject(val) ? reactive(val) : val; function isRef(r) { return Boolean(r && r.__v_isRef === true); } function ref(value) { return createRef(value); } function shallowRef(value) { return createRef(value, true); } class RefImpl { constructor(value, _shallow = false) { this._shallow = _shallow; this.__v_isRef = true; this._rawValue = _shallow ? value : toRaw(value); this._value = _shallow ? value : convert(value); } get value() { track(toRaw(this), "get" /* GET */, 'value'); return this._value; } set value(newVal) { newVal = this._shallow ? newVal : toRaw(newVal); if (hasChanged(newVal, this._rawValue)) { this._rawValue = newVal; this._value = this._shallow ? newVal : convert(newVal); trigger(toRaw(this), "set" /* SET */, 'value', newVal); } } } function createRef(rawValue, shallow = false) { if (isRef(rawValue)) { return rawValue; } return new RefImpl(rawValue, shallow); } function triggerRef(ref) { trigger(toRaw(ref), "set" /* SET */, 'value', (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') ? ref.value : void 0); } function unref(ref) { return isRef(ref) ? ref.value : ref; } const shallowUnwrapHandlers = { get: (target, key, receiver) => unref(Reflect.get(target, key, receiver)), set: (target, key, value, receiver) => { const oldValue = target[key]; if (isRef(oldValue) && !isRef(value)) { oldValue.value = value; return true; } else { return Reflect.set(target, key, value, receiver); } } }; function proxyRefs(objectWithRefs) { return isReactive(objectWithRefs) ? objectWithRefs : new Proxy(objectWithRefs, shallowUnwrapHandlers); } class CustomRefImpl { constructor(factory) { this.__v_isRef = true; const { get, set } = factory(() => track(this, "get" /* GET */, 'value'), () => trigger(this, "set" /* SET */, 'value')); this._get = get; this._set = set; } get value() { return this._get(); } set value(newVal) { this._set(newVal); } } function customRef(factory) { return new CustomRefImpl(factory); } function toRefs(object) { if ((process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') && !isProxy(object)) { console.warn(`toRefs() expects a reactive object but received a plain one.`); } const ret = isArray(object) ? new Array(object.length) : {}; for (const key in object) { ret[key] = toRef(object, key); } return ret; } class ObjectRefImpl { constructor(_object, _key) { this._object = _object; this._key = _key; this.__v_isRef = true; } get value() { return this._object[this._key]; } set value(newVal) { this._object[this._key] = newVal; } } function toRef(object, key) { return isRef(object[key]) ? object[key] : new ObjectRefImpl(object, key); } class ComputedRefImpl { constructor(getter, _setter, isReadonly) { this._setter = _setter; this._dirty = true; this.__v_isRef = true; this.effect = effect(getter, { lazy: true, scheduler: () => { if (!this._dirty) { this._dirty = true; trigger(toRaw(this), "set" /* SET */, 'value'); } } }); this["__v_isReadonly" /* IS_READONLY */] = isReadonly; } get value() { // the computed ref may get wrapped by other proxies e.g. readonly() #3376 const self = toRaw(this); if (self._dirty) { self._value = this.effect(); self._dirty = false; } track(self, "get" /* GET */, 'value'); return self._value; } set value(newValue) { this._setter(newValue); } } function computed(getterOrOptions) { let getter; let setter; if (isFunction(getterOrOptions)) { getter = getterOrOptions; setter = (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') ? () => { console.warn('Write operation failed: computed value is readonly'); } : NOOP; } else { getter = getterOrOptions.get; setter = getterOrOptions.set; } return new ComputedRefImpl(getter, setter, isFunction(getterOrOptions) || !getterOrOptions.set); } export { ITERATE_KEY, computed, customRef, effect, enableTracking, isProxy, isReactive, isReadonly, isRef, markRaw, pauseTracking, proxyRefs, reactive, readonly, ref, resetTracking, shallowReactive, shallowReadonly, shallowRef, stop, toRaw, toRef, toRefs, track, trigger, triggerRef, unref };