remove RSA folder

This commit is contained in:
Jonathan Warren 2013-03-21 13:16:15 -04:00
parent 7e190c4d23
commit 3f6142ba31
18 changed files with 0 additions and 3774 deletions

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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
# Copyright 2011 Sybren A. Stüvel <sybren@stuvel.eu>
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
"""RSA module
Module for calculating large primes, and RSA encryption, decryption, signing
and verification. Includes generating public and private keys.
WARNING: this implementation does not use random padding, compression of the
cleartext input to prevent repetitions, or other common security improvements.
Use with care.
If you want to have a more secure implementation, use the functions from the
``rsa.pkcs1`` module.
"""
__author__ = "Sybren Stuvel, Barry Mead and Yesudeep Mangalapilly"
__date__ = "2012-06-17"
__version__ = '3.1.1'
from rsa.key import newkeys, PrivateKey, PublicKey
from rsa.pkcs1 import encrypt, decrypt, sign, verify, DecryptionError, \
VerificationError
# Do doctest if we're run directly
if __name__ == "__main__":
import doctest
doctest.testmod()
__all__ = ["newkeys", "encrypt", "decrypt", "sign", "verify", 'PublicKey',
'PrivateKey', 'DecryptionError', 'VerificationError']

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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
# Copyright 2011 Sybren A. Stüvel <sybren@stuvel.eu>
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
"""Python compatibility wrappers."""
from __future__ import absolute_import
import sys
from struct import pack
try:
MAX_INT = sys.maxsize
except AttributeError:
MAX_INT = sys.maxint
MAX_INT64 = (1 << 63) - 1
MAX_INT32 = (1 << 31) - 1
MAX_INT16 = (1 << 15) - 1
# Determine the word size of the processor.
if MAX_INT == MAX_INT64:
# 64-bit processor.
MACHINE_WORD_SIZE = 64
elif MAX_INT == MAX_INT32:
# 32-bit processor.
MACHINE_WORD_SIZE = 32
else:
# Else we just assume 64-bit processor keeping up with modern times.
MACHINE_WORD_SIZE = 64
try:
# < Python3
unicode_type = unicode
have_python3 = False
except NameError:
# Python3.
unicode_type = str
have_python3 = True
# Fake byte literals.
if str is unicode_type:
def byte_literal(s):
return s.encode('latin1')
else:
def byte_literal(s):
return s
# ``long`` is no more. Do type detection using this instead.
try:
integer_types = (int, long)
except NameError:
integer_types = (int,)
b = byte_literal
try:
# Python 2.6 or higher.
bytes_type = bytes
except NameError:
# Python 2.5
bytes_type = str
# To avoid calling b() multiple times in tight loops.
ZERO_BYTE = b('\x00')
EMPTY_BYTE = b('')
def is_bytes(obj):
"""
Determines whether the given value is a byte string.
:param obj:
The value to test.
:returns:
``True`` if ``value`` is a byte string; ``False`` otherwise.
"""
return isinstance(obj, bytes_type)
def is_integer(obj):
"""
Determines whether the given value is an integer.
:param obj:
The value to test.
:returns:
``True`` if ``value`` is an integer; ``False`` otherwise.
"""
return isinstance(obj, integer_types)
def byte(num):
"""
Converts a number between 0 and 255 (both inclusive) to a base-256 (byte)
representation.
Use it as a replacement for ``chr`` where you are expecting a byte
because this will work on all current versions of Python::
:param num:
An unsigned integer between 0 and 255 (both inclusive).
:returns:
A single byte.
"""
return pack("B", num)
def get_word_alignment(num, force_arch=64,
_machine_word_size=MACHINE_WORD_SIZE):
"""
Returns alignment details for the given number based on the platform
Python is running on.
:param num:
Unsigned integral number.
:param force_arch:
If you don't want to use 64-bit unsigned chunks, set this to
anything other than 64. 32-bit chunks will be preferred then.
Default 64 will be used when on a 64-bit machine.
:param _machine_word_size:
(Internal) The machine word size used for alignment.
:returns:
4-tuple::
(word_bits, word_bytes,
max_uint, packing_format_type)
"""
max_uint64 = 0xffffffffffffffff
max_uint32 = 0xffffffff
max_uint16 = 0xffff
max_uint8 = 0xff
if force_arch == 64 and _machine_word_size >= 64 and num > max_uint32:
# 64-bit unsigned integer.
return 64, 8, max_uint64, "Q"
elif num > max_uint16:
# 32-bit unsigned integer
return 32, 4, max_uint32, "L"
elif num > max_uint8:
# 16-bit unsigned integer.
return 16, 2, max_uint16, "H"
else:
# 8-bit unsigned integer.
return 8, 1, max_uint8, "B"

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"""RSA module
pri = k[1] //Private part of keys d,p,q
Module for calculating large primes, and RSA encryption, decryption,
signing and verification. Includes generating public and private keys.
WARNING: this code implements the mathematics of RSA. It is not suitable for
real-world secure cryptography purposes. It has not been reviewed by a security
expert. It does not include padding of data. There are many ways in which the
output of this module, when used without any modification, can be sucessfully
attacked.
"""
__author__ = "Sybren Stuvel, Marloes de Boer and Ivo Tamboer"
__date__ = "2010-02-05"
__version__ = '1.3.3'
# NOTE: Python's modulo can return negative numbers. We compensate for
# this behaviour using the abs() function
from cPickle import dumps, loads
import base64
import math
import os
import random
import sys
import types
import zlib
from rsa._compat import byte
# Display a warning that this insecure version is imported.
import warnings
warnings.warn('Insecure version of the RSA module is imported as %s, be careful'
% __name__)
def gcd(p, q):
"""Returns the greatest common divisor of p and q
>>> gcd(42, 6)
6
"""
if p<q: return gcd(q, p)
if q == 0: return p
return gcd(q, abs(p%q))
def bytes2int(bytes):
"""Converts a list of bytes or a string to an integer
>>> (128*256 + 64)*256 + + 15
8405007
>>> l = [128, 64, 15]
>>> bytes2int(l)
8405007
"""
if not (type(bytes) is types.ListType or type(bytes) is types.StringType):
raise TypeError("You must pass a string or a list")
# Convert byte stream to integer
integer = 0
for byte in bytes:
integer *= 256
if type(byte) is types.StringType: byte = ord(byte)
integer += byte
return integer
def int2bytes(number):
"""Converts a number to a string of bytes
>>> bytes2int(int2bytes(123456789))
123456789
"""
if not (type(number) is types.LongType or type(number) is types.IntType):
raise TypeError("You must pass a long or an int")
string = ""
while number > 0:
string = "%s%s" % (byte(number & 0xFF), string)
number /= 256
return string
def fast_exponentiation(a, p, n):
"""Calculates r = a^p mod n
"""
result = a % n
remainders = []
while p != 1:
remainders.append(p & 1)
p = p >> 1
while remainders:
rem = remainders.pop()
result = ((a ** rem) * result ** 2) % n
return result
def read_random_int(nbits):
"""Reads a random integer of approximately nbits bits rounded up
to whole bytes"""
nbytes = ceil(nbits/8.)
randomdata = os.urandom(nbytes)
return bytes2int(randomdata)
def ceil(x):
"""ceil(x) -> int(math.ceil(x))"""
return int(math.ceil(x))
def randint(minvalue, maxvalue):
"""Returns a random integer x with minvalue <= x <= maxvalue"""
# Safety - get a lot of random data even if the range is fairly
# small
min_nbits = 32
# The range of the random numbers we need to generate
range = maxvalue - minvalue
# Which is this number of bytes
rangebytes = ceil(math.log(range, 2) / 8.)
# Convert to bits, but make sure it's always at least min_nbits*2
rangebits = max(rangebytes * 8, min_nbits * 2)
# Take a random number of bits between min_nbits and rangebits
nbits = random.randint(min_nbits, rangebits)
return (read_random_int(nbits) % range) + minvalue
def fermat_little_theorem(p):
"""Returns 1 if p may be prime, and something else if p definitely
is not prime"""
a = randint(1, p-1)
return fast_exponentiation(a, p-1, p)
def jacobi(a, b):
"""Calculates the value of the Jacobi symbol (a/b)
"""
if a % b == 0:
return 0
result = 1
while a > 1:
if a & 1:
if ((a-1)*(b-1) >> 2) & 1:
result = -result
b, a = a, b % a
else:
if ((b ** 2 - 1) >> 3) & 1:
result = -result
a = a >> 1
return result
def jacobi_witness(x, n):
"""Returns False if n is an Euler pseudo-prime with base x, and
True otherwise.
"""
j = jacobi(x, n) % n
f = fast_exponentiation(x, (n-1)/2, n)
if j == f: return False
return True
def randomized_primality_testing(n, k):
"""Calculates whether n is composite (which is always correct) or
prime (which is incorrect with error probability 2**-k)
Returns False if the number if composite, and True if it's
probably prime.
"""
q = 0.5 # Property of the jacobi_witness function
# t = int(math.ceil(k / math.log(1/q, 2)))
t = ceil(k / math.log(1/q, 2))
for i in range(t+1):
x = randint(1, n-1)
if jacobi_witness(x, n): return False
return True
def is_prime(number):
"""Returns True if the number is prime, and False otherwise.
>>> is_prime(42)
0
>>> is_prime(41)
1
"""
"""
if not fermat_little_theorem(number) == 1:
# Not prime, according to Fermat's little theorem
return False
"""
if randomized_primality_testing(number, 5):
# Prime, according to Jacobi
return True
# Not prime
return False
def getprime(nbits):
"""Returns a prime number of max. 'math.ceil(nbits/8)*8' bits. In
other words: nbits is rounded up to whole bytes.
>>> p = getprime(8)
>>> is_prime(p-1)
0
>>> is_prime(p)
1
>>> is_prime(p+1)
0
"""
nbytes = int(math.ceil(nbits/8.))
while True:
integer = read_random_int(nbits)
# Make sure it's odd
integer |= 1
# Test for primeness
if is_prime(integer): break
# Retry if not prime
return integer
def are_relatively_prime(a, b):
"""Returns True if a and b are relatively prime, and False if they
are not.
>>> are_relatively_prime(2, 3)
1
>>> are_relatively_prime(2, 4)
0
"""
d = gcd(a, b)
return (d == 1)
def find_p_q(nbits):
"""Returns a tuple of two different primes of nbits bits"""
p = getprime(nbits)
while True:
q = getprime(nbits)
if not q == p: break
return (p, q)
def extended_euclid_gcd(a, b):
"""Returns a tuple (d, i, j) such that d = gcd(a, b) = ia + jb
"""
if b == 0:
return (a, 1, 0)
q = abs(a % b)
r = long(a / b)
(d, k, l) = extended_euclid_gcd(b, q)
return (d, l, k - l*r)
# Main function: calculate encryption and decryption keys
def calculate_keys(p, q, nbits):
"""Calculates an encryption and a decryption key for p and q, and
returns them as a tuple (e, d)"""
n = p * q
phi_n = (p-1) * (q-1)
while True:
# Make sure e has enough bits so we ensure "wrapping" through
# modulo n
e = getprime(max(8, nbits/2))
if are_relatively_prime(e, n) and are_relatively_prime(e, phi_n): break
(d, i, j) = extended_euclid_gcd(e, phi_n)
if not d == 1:
raise Exception("e (%d) and phi_n (%d) are not relatively prime" % (e, phi_n))
if not (e * i) % phi_n == 1:
raise Exception("e (%d) and i (%d) are not mult. inv. modulo phi_n (%d)" % (e, i, phi_n))
return (e, i)
def gen_keys(nbits):
"""Generate RSA keys of nbits bits. Returns (p, q, e, d).
Note: this can take a long time, depending on the key size.
"""
while True:
(p, q) = find_p_q(nbits)
(e, d) = calculate_keys(p, q, nbits)
# For some reason, d is sometimes negative. We don't know how
# to fix it (yet), so we keep trying until everything is shiny
if d > 0: break
return (p, q, e, d)
def gen_pubpriv_keys(nbits):
"""Generates public and private keys, and returns them as (pub,
priv).
The public key consists of a dict {e: ..., , n: ....). The private
key consists of a dict {d: ...., p: ...., q: ....).
"""
(p, q, e, d) = gen_keys(nbits)
return ( {'e': e, 'n': p*q}, {'d': d, 'p': p, 'q': q} )
def encrypt_int(message, ekey, n):
"""Encrypts a message using encryption key 'ekey', working modulo
n"""
if type(message) is types.IntType:
return encrypt_int(long(message), ekey, n)
if not type(message) is types.LongType:
raise TypeError("You must pass a long or an int")
if message > 0 and \
math.floor(math.log(message, 2)) > math.floor(math.log(n, 2)):
raise OverflowError("The message is too long")
return fast_exponentiation(message, ekey, n)
def decrypt_int(cyphertext, dkey, n):
"""Decrypts a cypher text using the decryption key 'dkey', working
modulo n"""
return encrypt_int(cyphertext, dkey, n)
def sign_int(message, dkey, n):
"""Signs 'message' using key 'dkey', working modulo n"""
return decrypt_int(message, dkey, n)
def verify_int(signed, ekey, n):
"""verifies 'signed' using key 'ekey', working modulo n"""
return encrypt_int(signed, ekey, n)
def picklechops(chops):
"""Pickles and base64encodes it's argument chops"""
value = zlib.compress(dumps(chops))
encoded = base64.encodestring(value)
return encoded.strip()
def unpicklechops(string):
"""base64decodes and unpickes it's argument string into chops"""
return loads(zlib.decompress(base64.decodestring(string)))
def chopstring(message, key, n, funcref):
"""Splits 'message' into chops that are at most as long as n,
converts these into integers, and calls funcref(integer, key, n)
for each chop.
Used by 'encrypt' and 'sign'.
"""
msglen = len(message)
mbits = msglen * 8
nbits = int(math.floor(math.log(n, 2)))
nbytes = nbits / 8
blocks = msglen / nbytes
if msglen % nbytes > 0:
blocks += 1
cypher = []
for bindex in range(blocks):
offset = bindex * nbytes
block = message[offset:offset+nbytes]
value = bytes2int(block)
cypher.append(funcref(value, key, n))
return picklechops(cypher)
def gluechops(chops, key, n, funcref):
"""Glues chops back together into a string. calls
funcref(integer, key, n) for each chop.
Used by 'decrypt' and 'verify'.
"""
message = ""
chops = unpicklechops(chops)
for cpart in chops:
mpart = funcref(cpart, key, n)
message += int2bytes(mpart)
return message
def encrypt(message, key):
"""Encrypts a string 'message' with the public key 'key'"""
return chopstring(message, key['e'], key['n'], encrypt_int)
def sign(message, key):
"""Signs a string 'message' with the private key 'key'"""
return chopstring(message, key['d'], key['p']*key['q'], decrypt_int)
def decrypt(cypher, key):
"""Decrypts a cypher with the private key 'key'"""
return gluechops(cypher, key['d'], key['p']*key['q'], decrypt_int)
def verify(cypher, key):
"""Verifies a cypher with the public key 'key'"""
return gluechops(cypher, key['e'], key['n'], encrypt_int)
# Do doctest if we're not imported
if __name__ == "__main__":
import doctest
doctest.testmod()
__all__ = ["gen_pubpriv_keys", "encrypt", "decrypt", "sign", "verify"]

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"""RSA module
Module for calculating large primes, and RSA encryption, decryption,
signing and verification. Includes generating public and private keys.
WARNING: this implementation does not use random padding, compression of the
cleartext input to prevent repetitions, or other common security improvements.
Use with care.
"""
__author__ = "Sybren Stuvel, Marloes de Boer, Ivo Tamboer, and Barry Mead"
__date__ = "2010-02-08"
__version__ = '2.0'
import math
import os
import random
import sys
import types
from rsa._compat import byte
# Display a warning that this insecure version is imported.
import warnings
warnings.warn('Insecure version of the RSA module is imported as %s' % __name__)
def bit_size(number):
"""Returns the number of bits required to hold a specific long number"""
return int(math.ceil(math.log(number,2)))
def gcd(p, q):
"""Returns the greatest common divisor of p and q
>>> gcd(48, 180)
12
"""
# Iterateive Version is faster and uses much less stack space
while q != 0:
if p < q: (p,q) = (q,p)
(p,q) = (q, p % q)
return p
def bytes2int(bytes):
"""Converts a list of bytes or a string to an integer
>>> (((128 * 256) + 64) * 256) + 15
8405007
>>> l = [128, 64, 15]
>>> bytes2int(l) #same as bytes2int('\x80@\x0f')
8405007
"""
if not (type(bytes) is types.ListType or type(bytes) is types.StringType):
raise TypeError("You must pass a string or a list")
# Convert byte stream to integer
integer = 0
for byte in bytes:
integer *= 256
if type(byte) is types.StringType: byte = ord(byte)
integer += byte
return integer
def int2bytes(number):
"""
Converts a number to a string of bytes
"""
if not (type(number) is types.LongType or type(number) is types.IntType):
raise TypeError("You must pass a long or an int")
string = ""
while number > 0:
string = "%s%s" % (byte(number & 0xFF), string)
number /= 256
return string
def to64(number):
"""Converts a number in the range of 0 to 63 into base 64 digit
character in the range of '0'-'9', 'A'-'Z', 'a'-'z','-','_'.
>>> to64(10)
'A'
"""
if not (type(number) is types.LongType or type(number) is types.IntType):
raise TypeError("You must pass a long or an int")
if 0 <= number <= 9: #00-09 translates to '0' - '9'
return byte(number + 48)
if 10 <= number <= 35:
return byte(number + 55) #10-35 translates to 'A' - 'Z'
if 36 <= number <= 61:
return byte(number + 61) #36-61 translates to 'a' - 'z'
if number == 62: # 62 translates to '-' (minus)
return byte(45)
if number == 63: # 63 translates to '_' (underscore)
return byte(95)
raise ValueError('Invalid Base64 value: %i' % number)
def from64(number):
"""Converts an ordinal character value in the range of
0-9,A-Z,a-z,-,_ to a number in the range of 0-63.
>>> from64(49)
1
"""
if not (type(number) is types.LongType or type(number) is types.IntType):
raise TypeError("You must pass a long or an int")
if 48 <= number <= 57: #ord('0') - ord('9') translates to 0-9
return(number - 48)
if 65 <= number <= 90: #ord('A') - ord('Z') translates to 10-35
return(number - 55)
if 97 <= number <= 122: #ord('a') - ord('z') translates to 36-61
return(number - 61)
if number == 45: #ord('-') translates to 62
return(62)
if number == 95: #ord('_') translates to 63
return(63)
raise ValueError('Invalid Base64 value: %i' % number)
def int2str64(number):
"""Converts a number to a string of base64 encoded characters in
the range of '0'-'9','A'-'Z,'a'-'z','-','_'.
>>> int2str64(123456789)
'7MyqL'
"""
if not (type(number) is types.LongType or type(number) is types.IntType):
raise TypeError("You must pass a long or an int")
string = ""
while number > 0:
string = "%s%s" % (to64(number & 0x3F), string)
number /= 64
return string
def str642int(string):
"""Converts a base64 encoded string into an integer.
The chars of this string in in the range '0'-'9','A'-'Z','a'-'z','-','_'
>>> str642int('7MyqL')
123456789
"""
if not (type(string) is types.ListType or type(string) is types.StringType):
raise TypeError("You must pass a string or a list")
integer = 0
for byte in string:
integer *= 64
if type(byte) is types.StringType: byte = ord(byte)
integer += from64(byte)
return integer
def read_random_int(nbits):
"""Reads a random integer of approximately nbits bits rounded up
to whole bytes"""
nbytes = int(math.ceil(nbits/8.))
randomdata = os.urandom(nbytes)
return bytes2int(randomdata)
def randint(minvalue, maxvalue):
"""Returns a random integer x with minvalue <= x <= maxvalue"""
# Safety - get a lot of random data even if the range is fairly
# small
min_nbits = 32
# The range of the random numbers we need to generate
range = (maxvalue - minvalue) + 1
# Which is this number of bytes
rangebytes = ((bit_size(range) + 7) / 8)
# Convert to bits, but make sure it's always at least min_nbits*2
rangebits = max(rangebytes * 8, min_nbits * 2)
# Take a random number of bits between min_nbits and rangebits
nbits = random.randint(min_nbits, rangebits)
return (read_random_int(nbits) % range) + minvalue
def jacobi(a, b):
"""Calculates the value of the Jacobi symbol (a/b)
where both a and b are positive integers, and b is odd
"""
if a == 0: return 0
result = 1
while a > 1:
if a & 1:
if ((a-1)*(b-1) >> 2) & 1:
result = -result
a, b = b % a, a
else:
if (((b * b) - 1) >> 3) & 1:
result = -result
a >>= 1
if a == 0: return 0
return result
def jacobi_witness(x, n):
"""Returns False if n is an Euler pseudo-prime with base x, and
True otherwise.
"""
j = jacobi(x, n) % n
f = pow(x, (n-1)/2, n)
if j == f: return False
return True
def randomized_primality_testing(n, k):
"""Calculates whether n is composite (which is always correct) or
prime (which is incorrect with error probability 2**-k)
Returns False if the number is composite, and True if it's
probably prime.
"""
# 50% of Jacobi-witnesses can report compositness of non-prime numbers
for i in range(k):
x = randint(1, n-1)
if jacobi_witness(x, n): return False
return True
def is_prime(number):
"""Returns True if the number is prime, and False otherwise.
>>> is_prime(42)
0
>>> is_prime(41)
1
"""
if randomized_primality_testing(number, 6):
# Prime, according to Jacobi
return True
# Not prime
return False
def getprime(nbits):
"""Returns a prime number of max. 'math.ceil(nbits/8)*8' bits. In
other words: nbits is rounded up to whole bytes.
>>> p = getprime(8)
>>> is_prime(p-1)
0
>>> is_prime(p)
1
>>> is_prime(p+1)
0
"""
while True:
integer = read_random_int(nbits)
# Make sure it's odd
integer |= 1
# Test for primeness
if is_prime(integer): break
# Retry if not prime
return integer
def are_relatively_prime(a, b):
"""Returns True if a and b are relatively prime, and False if they
are not.
>>> are_relatively_prime(2, 3)
1
>>> are_relatively_prime(2, 4)
0
"""
d = gcd(a, b)
return (d == 1)
def find_p_q(nbits):
"""Returns a tuple of two different primes of nbits bits"""
pbits = nbits + (nbits/16) #Make sure that p and q aren't too close
qbits = nbits - (nbits/16) #or the factoring programs can factor n
p = getprime(pbits)
while True:
q = getprime(qbits)
#Make sure p and q are different.
if not q == p: break
return (p, q)
def extended_gcd(a, b):
"""Returns a tuple (r, i, j) such that r = gcd(a, b) = ia + jb
"""
# r = gcd(a,b) i = multiplicitive inverse of a mod b
# or j = multiplicitive inverse of b mod a
# Neg return values for i or j are made positive mod b or a respectively
# Iterateive Version is faster and uses much less stack space
x = 0
y = 1
lx = 1
ly = 0
oa = a #Remember original a/b to remove
ob = b #negative values from return results
while b != 0:
q = long(a/b)
(a, b) = (b, a % b)
(x, lx) = ((lx - (q * x)),x)
(y, ly) = ((ly - (q * y)),y)
if (lx < 0): lx += ob #If neg wrap modulo orignal b
if (ly < 0): ly += oa #If neg wrap modulo orignal a
return (a, lx, ly) #Return only positive values
# Main function: calculate encryption and decryption keys
def calculate_keys(p, q, nbits):
"""Calculates an encryption and a decryption key for p and q, and
returns them as a tuple (e, d)"""
n = p * q
phi_n = (p-1) * (q-1)
while True:
# Make sure e has enough bits so we ensure "wrapping" through
# modulo n
e = max(65537,getprime(nbits/4))
if are_relatively_prime(e, n) and are_relatively_prime(e, phi_n): break
(d, i, j) = extended_gcd(e, phi_n)
if not d == 1:
raise Exception("e (%d) and phi_n (%d) are not relatively prime" % (e, phi_n))
if (i < 0):
raise Exception("New extended_gcd shouldn't return negative values")
if not (e * i) % phi_n == 1:
raise Exception("e (%d) and i (%d) are not mult. inv. modulo phi_n (%d)" % (e, i, phi_n))
return (e, i)
def gen_keys(nbits):
"""Generate RSA keys of nbits bits. Returns (p, q, e, d).
Note: this can take a long time, depending on the key size.
"""
(p, q) = find_p_q(nbits)
(e, d) = calculate_keys(p, q, nbits)
return (p, q, e, d)
def newkeys(nbits):
"""Generates public and private keys, and returns them as (pub,
priv).
The public key consists of a dict {e: ..., , n: ....). The private
key consists of a dict {d: ...., p: ...., q: ....).
"""
nbits = max(9,nbits) # Don't let nbits go below 9 bits
(p, q, e, d) = gen_keys(nbits)
return ( {'e': e, 'n': p*q}, {'d': d, 'p': p, 'q': q} )
def encrypt_int(message, ekey, n):
"""Encrypts a message using encryption key 'ekey', working modulo n"""
if type(message) is types.IntType:
message = long(message)
if not type(message) is types.LongType:
raise TypeError("You must pass a long or int")
if message < 0 or message > n:
raise OverflowError("The message is too long")
#Note: Bit exponents start at zero (bit counts start at 1) this is correct
safebit = bit_size(n) - 2 #compute safe bit (MSB - 1)
message += (1 << safebit) #add safebit to ensure folding
return pow(message, ekey, n)
def decrypt_int(cyphertext, dkey, n):
"""Decrypts a cypher text using the decryption key 'dkey', working
modulo n"""
message = pow(cyphertext, dkey, n)
safebit = bit_size(n) - 2 #compute safe bit (MSB - 1)
message -= (1 << safebit) #remove safebit before decode
return message
def encode64chops(chops):
"""base64encodes chops and combines them into a ',' delimited string"""
chips = [] #chips are character chops
for value in chops:
chips.append(int2str64(value))
#delimit chops with comma
encoded = ','.join(chips)
return encoded
def decode64chops(string):
"""base64decodes and makes a ',' delimited string into chops"""
chips = string.split(',') #split chops at commas
chops = []
for string in chips: #make char chops (chips) into chops
chops.append(str642int(string))
return chops
def chopstring(message, key, n, funcref):
"""Chops the 'message' into integers that fit into n,
leaving room for a safebit to be added to ensure that all
messages fold during exponentiation. The MSB of the number n
is not independant modulo n (setting it could cause overflow), so
use the next lower bit for the safebit. Therefore reserve 2-bits
in the number n for non-data bits. Calls specified encryption
function for each chop.
Used by 'encrypt' and 'sign'.
"""
msglen = len(message)
mbits = msglen * 8
#Set aside 2-bits so setting of safebit won't overflow modulo n.
nbits = bit_size(n) - 2 # leave room for safebit
nbytes = nbits / 8
blocks = msglen / nbytes
if msglen % nbytes > 0:
blocks += 1
cypher = []
for bindex in range(blocks):
offset = bindex * nbytes
block = message[offset:offset+nbytes]
value = bytes2int(block)
cypher.append(funcref(value, key, n))
return encode64chops(cypher) #Encode encrypted ints to base64 strings
def gluechops(string, key, n, funcref):
"""Glues chops back together into a string. calls
funcref(integer, key, n) for each chop.
Used by 'decrypt' and 'verify'.
"""
message = ""
chops = decode64chops(string) #Decode base64 strings into integer chops
for cpart in chops:
mpart = funcref(cpart, key, n) #Decrypt each chop
message += int2bytes(mpart) #Combine decrypted strings into a msg
return message
def encrypt(message, key):
"""Encrypts a string 'message' with the public key 'key'"""
if 'n' not in key:
raise Exception("You must use the public key with encrypt")
return chopstring(message, key['e'], key['n'], encrypt_int)
def sign(message, key):
"""Signs a string 'message' with the private key 'key'"""
if 'p' not in key:
raise Exception("You must use the private key with sign")
return chopstring(message, key['d'], key['p']*key['q'], encrypt_int)
def decrypt(cypher, key):
"""Decrypts a string 'cypher' with the private key 'key'"""
if 'p' not in key:
raise Exception("You must use the private key with decrypt")
return gluechops(cypher, key['d'], key['p']*key['q'], decrypt_int)
def verify(cypher, key):
"""Verifies a string 'cypher' with the public key 'key'"""
if 'n' not in key:
raise Exception("You must use the public key with verify")
return gluechops(cypher, key['e'], key['n'], decrypt_int)
# Do doctest if we're not imported
if __name__ == "__main__":
import doctest
doctest.testmod()
__all__ = ["newkeys", "encrypt", "decrypt", "sign", "verify"]

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@ -1,87 +0,0 @@
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
# Copyright 2011 Sybren A. Stüvel <sybren@stuvel.eu>
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
'''Large file support
- break a file into smaller blocks, and encrypt them, and store the
encrypted blocks in another file.
- take such an encrypted files, decrypt its blocks, and reconstruct the
original file.
The encrypted file format is as follows, where || denotes byte concatenation:
FILE := VERSION || BLOCK || BLOCK ...
BLOCK := LENGTH || DATA
LENGTH := varint-encoded length of the subsequent data. Varint comes from
Google Protobuf, and encodes an integer into a variable number of bytes.
Each byte uses the 7 lowest bits to encode the value. The highest bit set
to 1 indicates the next byte is also part of the varint. The last byte will
have this bit set to 0.
This file format is called the VARBLOCK format, in line with the varint format
used to denote the block sizes.
'''
from rsa import key, common, pkcs1, varblock
from rsa._compat import byte
def encrypt_bigfile(infile, outfile, pub_key):
'''Encrypts a file, writing it to 'outfile' in VARBLOCK format.
:param infile: file-like object to read the cleartext from
:param outfile: file-like object to write the crypto in VARBLOCK format to
:param pub_key: :py:class:`rsa.PublicKey` to encrypt with
'''
if not isinstance(pub_key, key.PublicKey):
raise TypeError('Public key required, but got %r' % pub_key)
key_bytes = common.bit_size(pub_key.n) // 8
blocksize = key_bytes - 11 # keep space for PKCS#1 padding
# Write the version number to the VARBLOCK file
outfile.write(byte(varblock.VARBLOCK_VERSION))
# Encrypt and write each block
for block in varblock.yield_fixedblocks(infile, blocksize):
crypto = pkcs1.encrypt(block, pub_key)
varblock.write_varint(outfile, len(crypto))
outfile.write(crypto)
def decrypt_bigfile(infile, outfile, priv_key):
'''Decrypts an encrypted VARBLOCK file, writing it to 'outfile'
:param infile: file-like object to read the crypto in VARBLOCK format from
:param outfile: file-like object to write the cleartext to
:param priv_key: :py:class:`rsa.PrivateKey` to decrypt with
'''
if not isinstance(priv_key, key.PrivateKey):
raise TypeError('Private key required, but got %r' % priv_key)
for block in varblock.yield_varblocks(infile):
cleartext = pkcs1.decrypt(block, priv_key)
outfile.write(cleartext)
__all__ = ['encrypt_bigfile', 'decrypt_bigfile']

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@ -1,379 +0,0 @@
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
# Copyright 2011 Sybren A. Stüvel <sybren@stuvel.eu>
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
'''Commandline scripts.
These scripts are called by the executables defined in setup.py.
'''
from __future__ import with_statement, print_function
import abc
import sys
from optparse import OptionParser
import rsa
import rsa.bigfile
import rsa.pkcs1
HASH_METHODS = sorted(rsa.pkcs1.HASH_METHODS.keys())
def keygen():
'''Key generator.'''
# Parse the CLI options
parser = OptionParser(usage='usage: %prog [options] keysize',
description='Generates a new RSA keypair of "keysize" bits.')
parser.add_option('--pubout', type='string',
help='Output filename for the public key. The public key is '
'not saved if this option is not present. You can use '
'pyrsa-priv2pub to create the public key file later.')
parser.add_option('-o', '--out', type='string',
help='Output filename for the private key. The key is '
'written to stdout if this option is not present.')
parser.add_option('--form',
help='key format of the private and public keys - default PEM',
choices=('PEM', 'DER'), default='PEM')
(cli, cli_args) = parser.parse_args(sys.argv[1:])
if len(cli_args) != 1:
parser.print_help()
raise SystemExit(1)
try:
keysize = int(cli_args[0])
except ValueError:
parser.print_help()
print('Not a valid number: %s' % cli_args[0], file=sys.stderr)
raise SystemExit(1)
print('Generating %i-bit key' % keysize, file=sys.stderr)
(pub_key, priv_key) = rsa.newkeys(keysize)
# Save public key
if cli.pubout:
print('Writing public key to %s' % cli.pubout, file=sys.stderr)
data = pub_key.save_pkcs1(format=cli.form)
with open(cli.pubout, 'wb') as outfile:
outfile.write(data)
# Save private key
data = priv_key.save_pkcs1(format=cli.form)
if cli.out:
print('Writing private key to %s' % cli.out, file=sys.stderr)
with open(cli.out, 'wb') as outfile:
outfile.write(data)
else:
print('Writing private key to stdout', file=sys.stderr)
sys.stdout.write(data)
class CryptoOperation(object):
'''CLI callable that operates with input, output, and a key.'''
__metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta
keyname = 'public' # or 'private'
usage = 'usage: %%prog [options] %(keyname)s_key'
description = None
operation = 'decrypt'
operation_past = 'decrypted'
operation_progressive = 'decrypting'
input_help = 'Name of the file to %(operation)s. Reads from stdin if ' \
'not specified.'
output_help = 'Name of the file to write the %(operation_past)s file ' \
'to. Written to stdout if this option is not present.'
expected_cli_args = 1
has_output = True
key_class = rsa.PublicKey
def __init__(self):
self.usage = self.usage % self.__class__.__dict__
self.input_help = self.input_help % self.__class__.__dict__
self.output_help = self.output_help % self.__class__.__dict__
@abc.abstractmethod
def perform_operation(self, indata, key, cli_args=None):
'''Performs the program's operation.
Implement in a subclass.
:returns: the data to write to the output.
'''
def __call__(self):
'''Runs the program.'''
(cli, cli_args) = self.parse_cli()
key = self.read_key(cli_args[0], cli.keyform)
indata = self.read_infile(cli.input)
print(self.operation_progressive.title(), file=sys.stderr)
outdata = self.perform_operation(indata, key, cli_args)
if self.has_output:
self.write_outfile(outdata, cli.output)
def parse_cli(self):
'''Parse the CLI options
:returns: (cli_opts, cli_args)
'''
parser = OptionParser(usage=self.usage, description=self.description)
parser.add_option('-i', '--input', type='string', help=self.input_help)
if self.has_output:
parser.add_option('-o', '--output', type='string', help=self.output_help)
parser.add_option('--keyform',
help='Key format of the %s key - default PEM' % self.keyname,
choices=('PEM', 'DER'), default='PEM')
(cli, cli_args) = parser.parse_args(sys.argv[1:])
if len(cli_args) != self.expected_cli_args:
parser.print_help()
raise SystemExit(1)
return (cli, cli_args)
def read_key(self, filename, keyform):
'''Reads a public or private key.'''
print('Reading %s key from %s' % (self.keyname, filename), file=sys.stderr)
with open(filename, 'rb') as keyfile:
keydata = keyfile.read()
return self.key_class.load_pkcs1(keydata, keyform)
def read_infile(self, inname):
'''Read the input file'''
if inname:
print('Reading input from %s' % inname, file=sys.stderr)
with open(inname, 'rb') as infile:
return infile.read()
print('Reading input from stdin', file=sys.stderr)
return sys.stdin.read()
def write_outfile(self, outdata, outname):
'''Write the output file'''
if outname:
print('Writing output to %s' % outname, file=sys.stderr)
with open(outname, 'wb') as outfile:
outfile.write(outdata)
else:
print('Writing output to stdout', file=sys.stderr)
sys.stdout.write(outdata)
class EncryptOperation(CryptoOperation):
'''Encrypts a file.'''
keyname = 'public'
description = ('Encrypts a file. The file must be shorter than the key '
'length in order to be encrypted. For larger files, use the '
'pyrsa-encrypt-bigfile command.')
operation = 'encrypt'
operation_past = 'encrypted'
operation_progressive = 'encrypting'
def perform_operation(self, indata, pub_key, cli_args=None):
'''Encrypts files.'''
return rsa.encrypt(indata, pub_key)
class DecryptOperation(CryptoOperation):
'''Decrypts a file.'''
keyname = 'private'
description = ('Decrypts a file. The original file must be shorter than '
'the key length in order to have been encrypted. For larger '
'files, use the pyrsa-decrypt-bigfile command.')
operation = 'decrypt'
operation_past = 'decrypted'
operation_progressive = 'decrypting'
key_class = rsa.PrivateKey
def perform_operation(self, indata, priv_key, cli_args=None):
'''Decrypts files.'''